VNs Test Your Knowledge
A 10 yo MN Labrador with a perforated small intestine presents to the clinic and undergoes an exploratory laparotomy, following multiple fluid boluses and vasopressor therapy. A fluid sample of the free abdominal fluid was sampled and contained gram positive bacterial toxins.
What biomarker is produced by bacterial toxins (gram +/gram-) and cytokines, stimulating production in all parenchymal tissue?
Procalcitonin.
A bio-marker, or biological marker is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. In human sepsis, several inflammation-associated biomarkers, such as inflammatory cytokines (both pro- and anti-inflammatory), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP), were initially claimed to be either of diagnostic value or correlated with death.
Historically, PCT has been one of the most promising diagnostic markers used to differentiate sepsis from other non-infectious causes of SIRS. Bacterial toxins (gran +/gram-) and cytokines stimulate production of PCT in all parenchymal tissue, where it is immediately released into the bloodstream and short lived.
How did you get on? This question and answer is from the tutor on the upcoming Online Mini Series for veterinary nurses ‘Sepsis’. Read on for practical help with your small animal patients with sepsis.
Online Mini Series Course
Mechanisms and Pathogenesis
Diagnostics and treatment bundles
Nursing considerations
Chloe qualified as a veterinary nurse in 2012, gained her ECC certificate in 2016, and her VTS (ECC) in 2018. She has a strong background in ECC, having spent 90% of her veterinary career in emergency and critical care positions. She also has experience in referral nursing and is currently the head of the Priory Emergency Treatment Service (OOH) and referral lead of New Priory Vets in Brighton, who also provide cardio-respiratory and imaging referral services.
Her main focus over the years has been her continual learning and progression as an ECC nurse; as well as focusing on the level of care we give to our patients and clients. Chloe is impassioned about sharing this knowledge through teaching and developing both vets and technicians within her position at her current 24/7 hospital to provide gold standard care.
Chloe is on the review board for the RCVS ‘inFOCUS’ veterinary journal and has provided lectures internationally. Chloe is highly experienced and passionate about all aspects of emergency and critical care nursing, but her specific interests include critical care patients including renal and septic patients, and cardio-respiratory patients. When she’s not studying for her Certificate in Anaesthesia or working, Chloe likes to go for long walks on the South Downs with her husband, children and 2kg chihuahua.
Session 1 - Friday 7th July 2023 2pm-4pm UK time
Session 2 - Friday 14th July 2023 2pm-4pm UK time
Session 3 - Friday 28th July 2023 2pm-4pm UK time
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Very thorough and comprehensive courses. The course notes are a great addition too.
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0151 328 0444Alternatively email
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